PHP DateTime formatting cribsheet

Describes the placeholders you can use when formatting dates in PHP or with Carbon

Usage with php datetime object or Carbon​
Time
Date
Other
Time
Hour
Character
Description
Example
H
24-hour format of an hour with leading zeros
00 through 23
G
24-hour format of an hour without leading zeros
0 through 23
h
12-hour format of an hour with leading zeros
01 through 12
g
12-hour format of an hour without leading zeros
1 through 12
a
Lowercase Ante meridiem and Post meridiem
am or pm
A
Uppercase Ante meridiem and Post meridiem
AM or PM
Minutes and Seconds
Character
Description
Example
i
Minutes with leading zeros
00 through 59
s
Seconds with leading zeros
00 through 59
u
Microseconds
eg 123456
v
Milliseconds
eg 654
Date
Day
Character
Description
Example
d
Day of the month, 2 digits with leading zeros
01 through 31
j
Day of the month without leading zeros
1 through 31
D
Textual representation of a day, three letters
Mon through Sun**
l
(lowercase L) Full textual representation of a day of the week
Monday through 
Sunday **
N
ISO-8601 numeric representation of the day of the week
1 through 7 
(mon=1)
S
English ordinal suffix for the day of the month
st, nd, rd, or th
w
Numeric representation of the weekday
0 (sun) through 6
z
The day of the year (zero index for Jan 1)
0 through 365
Week
Character
Description
Example
W
ISO-8601 week number of year, weeks starting on Monday
Example: 42 
(the 42nd week in the year)
Month
Character
Description
Example
m
Numeric representation of a month, with leading zeros
01 through 12
n
Numeric representation of a month, without leading zeros
1 through 12
M
A short textual representation of a month, three letters	
Jan through Dec **
F
A full textual representation of a month, such as January or March
January through December
t
The number of days in the given month
28 through 31
Year
Character
Description
Example
Y
a four digit numeric representation of the year
2020 or 1999
y
a two digit numeric representation of the year
20 or 99
L
Whether it is a leap year
1 for leap year, 
0 otherwise
o
ISO-8601 week-numbering year. This has the same value as Y, except that if the ISO week number (W) belongs to the previous or next year, that year is used instead.
2020 or 1999
** can be varied through localisation
Other
Character
Description
Example
c
ISO 8601 Full Date Time
2020-06-26T13:40:10+00:00
r
​ RFC 2822 formatted date
Fri, 26 Jun 2020 13:41:32 +0100
U
Seconds since the Unix Epoch (commonly referred to as timestamp format)
1593175400

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Character	Description	Example
H	24-hour format of an hour with leading zeros	00 through 23
G	24-hour format of an hour without leading zeros	0 through 23
h	12-hour format of an hour with leading zeros	01 through 12
g	12-hour format of an hour without leading zeros	1 through 12
a	Lowercase Ante meridiem and Post meridiem	`am` or `pm`
A	Uppercase Ante meridiem and Post meridiem	`AM` or `PM`